1. Distinguish between shell and sub-shell?
2. Why an atom electrically neutral?
3. How many sub-shells are there in N shell?
4. Give notation for sub-shells of M shell.
5. List the sub-shells of M shell in order of increasing energy
6. Can you identify an atom without knowing number of neutrons in it?
7. The electronic configurations listed are incorrect. Explain what mistakes have been made in each and write correct electronic configurations.
x = 1s ^ 2 y = 1s ^ 2 2s ^ 2 2s ^ 1 2p ^ 4 2p ^ 1 3s ^ 2 z = 1s ^ 2 2s ^ 2 , 2p ^ 5 3s ^ 1
8. Which orbital in each of the following pairs is lower in energy.
(a) 2s,2p
(b) 3p, 2p
(c) 3s, 4s
8. Draw Bohr's model for the following atoms indicating the location for electron, protons and neutrons.
(a) Potassium (Atomic No 19, Mass No 39)
(b) Silicon (Atomic No.14, Mass No 28)
(c) Argon (Atomic No. 18, Mass No 39)
9. Write electronic configuration for the following elements
(a) Si
(b) 12 ^ 26 Mg
(c) 12 ^ 24 Mg
(d) Ar
10. State the importance and uses of isotopes in various fields of life.
11. The atomic number of an element is 23 and its mass number is 56.
(a) How many protons and electrons does an atom of this element have?
(b) How many neutrons does this atom have?
12. The atomic symbol of aluminum is written as Al. What information do you get from it?
1: Describe the composition and charge of alpha particles emitted from certain radioactive nuclei and their impact on the original nucleus.
2: Describe the decay process of C-14 in carbon dating and its role in determining the age of organic materials.
3: Explain how the strong nuclear force holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom.
4: Why do isotopes not alter the chemical properties of an atom?
5: How can the presence of isotopes affect the overall atomic mass of an element?
6: Calculate the relative atomic mass of element x with isotopes x-35 (70%) and x-37 (30%).
7: Define relative atomic mass and its calculation, emphasizing its role in representing the average mass of isotopes in an element.
8: Compare and contrast the properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons in terms of their charge, mass, and location within the atom.
9: Compare and contrast the concepts of nucleon number and atomic mass in the context of an atom's composition.
10: Describe the formation of a negatively charged ion (anion) from an atom.
11: Illustrate and explain the pathways that positively and negatively charged particles would follow under influence of a uniform electric field.
12: For each representation of a nucleus a through e, write the atomic symbol and identify which are isotopes.
13: Identify the element represented by each nucleus A through E in the problem as a metal and nonmetal?