What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
How can you determine the enthalpy of a chemical reaction?
Explain, how does the process of respiration provides us energy?
Draw labeled reaction pathway diagram for an exothermic and an endothermic reaction.
Calculate the enthalpy of reaction between hydrogen and chlorine to form hydrogen chloride from the given bond energy data. Bond energy of H-H, Cl-Cl, H-Cl are 436 kJ/mol, 242 kJ/mol, and 432 kJ/mol respectively.
Justify the statement that the process of respiration is crucial for us.
Identify each process as endothermic or exothermic and indicate the sign of ΔH.
In the reaction of 1 mol of solid carbon with 1 mol of oxygen gas, the energy of the carbon dioxide gas produced is 394 kJ lower than the energy of the reactants.
Classify each of the following as exothermic or endothermic and give the ΔH for each.
State whether breaking or forming a chemical bond is endothermic or exothermic.
Differentiate between exothermic and endothermic reactions.
Why are combustion reactions typically classified as exothermic reactions?
Given the reactants of a reaction, can you predict if it will be exothermic or endothermic? Briefly explain.
Provide another example, besides combustion, of an exothermic reaction encountered in everyday life.
How can a catalyst influence the rate of a reaction?
If a reaction has a high activation energy, what can you infer about the rate of the reaction without a catalyst?
Draw a reaction pathway diagram that includes enthalpy change and activation energy.
Briefly describe the role of respiration (aerobic and anaerobic) in providing energy for biological systems.
Why are lipids considered efficient reserve stores of energy for biological systems?
How can the enthalpy change of a reaction be calculated using bond energy values?
Besides indicating heat transfer, what other kind of energy transfer can be reflected by a positive or negative enthalpy change? Give reason as well.
During the reaction of ethane (C2H6) with oxygen (O2) to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), the broken and formed bonds are:
Reactants: 2 C-C bonds, 6 C-H bonds, 1 O-O bond
Products: 4 C=O bonds, 4 O-H bonds
Calculate the enthalpy change (ΔH) for this reaction.
A chemical reaction has an activation energy of 80 kJ/mol without a catalyst. The presence of a catalyst lowers the activation energy to 50 kJ/mol.
The table below shows the bond energy data for a series of covalent bonds.
Find the energy change in the following reaction using the bond energies given. Bond energies: H-H 436 kJ, O=O 496 kJ, O-H 463 kJ.
2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
Explain why the reaction is exothermic or endothermic using bond energies.